语言学组合特征在语义关系抽取中的应用

语义关系抽取是信息抽取中的一个重要的研究领域。目前基于特征向量的语义关系抽取已经很难通过发掘新的特征来提高抽取的性能。本文提出了一种特征组合方法,通过在各种词法、语法、语义的基本特征内部及特征之间进行合理的组合形成组合特征,使用基于支持向量机的学习方法,使得关系抽取的准确率和召回率得到了提高。在ACE 2004语料库的7个关系大类和23个关系子类抽取实验中F值分别达到了66.6%和59.50%。实验结果表明通过对基本语言学特征进行组合所得到的组合特征能够显著地提高语义关系抽取的性能。     

基于预训练模型的关系抽取研究综述

近年来随着深度学习技术的不断革新,预训练模型在自然语言处理中的应用也越来越广泛,关系抽取不再是单纯地依赖传统的流水线方法。预训练语言模型的发展已经极大地推动了关系抽取的相关研究,在很多领域已经超越了传统方法。首先简要介绍关系抽取的发展与经典预训练模型;其次总结当下常用的数据集与评测方法,并分析模型在各数据集上的表现;最后探讨关系抽取发展的挑战与未来研究趋势。     

Parallel hyper heuristic algorithm based on reinforcement learning for the corridor allocation problem and parallel row ordering problem

Hyper heuristics is a relatively new optimisation algorithm. Numerous studies have reported that hyper heuristics are well applied in combinatorial optimisation problems. As a classic combinatorial optimisation problem, the row layout problem has not been publicly reported on applying hyper heuristics to its various sub-problems. To fill this gap, this study proposes a parallel hyper-heuristic approach based on reinforcement learning for corridor allocation problems and parallel row ordering problems. For the proposed algorithm, an outer layer parallel computing framework was constructed based on the encoding of the problem. The simulated annealing, tabu search, and variable neighbourhood algorithms were used in the algorithm as low-level heuristic operations, and Q-learning in reinforcement learning was used as a high-level strategy. A state space containing sequences and fitness values was designed. The algorithm performance was then evaluated for benchmark instances of the corridor allocation problem (37 groups) and parallel row ordering problem (80 groups). The results showed that, in most cases, the proposed algorithm provided a better solution than the best-known solutions in the literature. Finally, the meta-heuristic algorithm applied to three low-level heuristic operations is taken as three independent algorithms and compared with the proposed hyper-heuristic algorithm on four groups of parallel row ordering problem instances. The effectiveness of Q-learning in selection is illustrated by analysing the comparison results of the four algorithms and the number of calls of the three low-level heuristic operations in the proposed method.     

面向多维意象的产品设计方案评估研究

用户的感性诉求日益获得产品设计师和企业决策者的关注,为了使产品开发人员在开发新产品时能满足用户多维复合的感性诉求,提出一种结合熵处理、灰色关联分析和逼近理想解排序(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS)的方法,用于产品设计方案的评估。首先,在运用K-mean聚类分析和因子分析方法分别获得符合用户感性认知的典型样本和典型感性意象的基础上,运用语意差异法获得用户-意象初始评价值;其次,应用信息熵计算评估指标的权重;最后,采用灰色关联分析与TOPSIS相结合的方法实现用户多维意象特定要求下对备选设计方案的排序优选。以3D打印机设计方案优选为例,验证了方法的可行性。研究结果表明,该方法符合用户实际的复杂认知,能有效客观地对产品设计方案进行评估和优选,具有实际应用价值和指导作用。     

Grammatical evolution in developing optimal inventory policies for serial and distribution supply chains

Recently, there has been a growing literature on biologically inspired algorithms, particularly genetic algorithms and genetic programming, applied to supply chain modelling and inventory control optimisation. Due to the rigidity of the genetic algorithms approach, it is difficult to change the underlying model logic and add richness to the supply chain. While genetic programming provides a more flexible approach than that provided by genetic algorithms, to date its application has been limited to small supply chain modelling problems in relation to optimal inventory policies. This research applies Grammatical Evolution, a relatively new biologically inspired algorithm, to the field of supply chain optimisation, employing human readable rules called grammars. These grammars provide a single mechanism to describe a variety of complex structures and can incorporate the domain knowledge of the practitioner to bias the algorithm towards regions of the search space containing better solutions. Results are presented showing Grammatical Evolution is at least competitive in cost terms, and superior in flexibility, with these methods applicable to any supply chain of the serial or distribution type. Furthermore, Grammatical Evolution shows an adaptive ability that augurs well for supply chains in dynamic environments, such as disruption.     

曲面复合材料缝合机器人自动路径规划技术

为提高复合材料预制件缝合机器人的灵活性与加工柔性,针对缝合机器人自动路径规划问题,研究了基于三维光栅扫描技术的曲面复合材料缝合机器人视觉接缝提取技术.针对三维扫描摄像机视场固定的特点,对摄像机进行标定实验,改进传统的手眼标定方法,提出一种用于求解手眼关系矩阵的四点标定新方法,建立了机器人坐标系与摄像机坐标系的位姿映射关系.经过手眼关系标定,三维光栅扫描仪采样得到的缝合预制件点云数据可转化为机器人坐标系下的点云数据坐标.进一步对采集的预制件点云数据进行接缝中心线提取,提出了一种缝合轨迹及姿态规划算法,采用三次多项式对接缝中心线进行空间曲线拟合,采用最小二乘法对缝合微切平面进行平面拟合,完成机器人操作空间前进矢量及接近矢量的计算.最后,将规划结果应用于缝合机器人的离线编程仿真与实验中.实验结果表明,该系统精度高,线迹成型良好,可以满足机器人缝合系统的要求.     

网络侵权行为的认定与分析

文章以案例形式分析了网络侵权行为,介绍了《侵权责任法》第36条第2款规定的＂提示规则＂以及第3款规定的＂知道规则＂。文章进一步通过分析＂提示规则＂以及＂知道规则＂,从法理上厘清了争议焦点—网络服务提供商是否＂知道＂或者说＂应当知道＂其行为存在或构成侵权行为。     

Apriori算法在雷达故障诊断系统中的应用研究

针对某型雷达设备复杂、检修困难的问题,利用Apriori算法从该型雷达历史维修记录中提取故障征兆和故障间的关联关系,设计建立故障诊断系统。重点介绍了规则挖掘机和系统逻辑结构。使用表明该系统较好的提高了雷达故障诊断的效率,节约了诊断成本。     

Note on “The induced continuous ordered weighted geometric operators and their application in group decision making”

In this short communication, we will show that the condition of the theorem does not hold in general cases in a recent paper “The induced continuous ordered weighted geometric operators and their application in group decision making” [Computers & Industrial Engineering 56 (2009) 1545–1552] by Wu et al., and also illustrate an example to show that we cannot construct a consistent interval multiplicative preference relation according to the condition of theorem in general case. Furthermore, we present a more reasonable condition to satisfy Theorem 1 so that we can construct a consistent interval multiplicative preference relation.     

Looking for Gröbner basis theory for (almost) skew 2-nomial algebras

In this paper, we introduce (almost) skew 2-nomial algebras and look for a one-sided or two-sided Gröbner basis theory for such algebras at a modest level. That is, we establish the existence of a skew multiplicative K$K$-basis for every skew 2-nomial algebra, and we explore the existence of a (left, right, or two-sided) monomial ordering for an (almost) skew 2-nomial algebra. As distinct from commonly recognized algebras holding a Gröbner basis theory (such as algebras of the solvable type (Kandri-Rody and Weispfenning, 1990) and some of their homomorphic images), a subclass of skew 2-nomial algebras that have a left Gröbner basis theory but may not necessarily have a two-sided Gröbner basis theory, respectively a subclass of skew 2-nomial algebras that have a right Gröbner basis theory but may not necessarily have a two-sided Gröbner basis theory, are determined such that numerous quantum binomial algebras (which provide binomial solutions to the Yang–Baxter equation) and their Koszul dual (Gateva-Ivanova and Van den Bergh, 1998, Laffaille, 2000 and Gateva-Ivanova, 2009) are involved.